Meta-analytic review, synthesis, and directions for the future of entrepreneurial passion research

Entrepreneurial passion has gained increasing scholarly attention in recent years. The various constructs and contexts that have been studied present a need for the entrepreneurial passion literature to be effectively analyzed. Using meta-analytic techniques, we systematically review constructs that have been investigated as antecedents and outcomes of entrepreneurial passion and its inherent domains (i.e., passion for inventing, founding, and developing). Our results, based on a sample of 54 studies containing 332 effect sizes, provide empirical insights into the impact of individual-level antecedents (e.g., age, gender, human capital, self-efficacy, entrepreneurial alertness), firm-level antecedents (e.g., firm age, firm size), and macro-level antecedents (e.g., environmental dynamism) on entrepreneurial passion and its domains. Furthermore, our results show the implications of entrepreneurial passion and its domains for individual-level outcomes (e.g., entrepreneurial intention, opportunity recognition) and firm-level outcomes (e.g., firm performance). We also conduct post-hoc meta-analyses regarding team-level entrepreneurial passion and build theory around the entrepreneurial passion construct to inform future research.