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Hypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury in adults: Clinical guidelines of the neuroendocrinology area of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN)

Endocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición (English ed.), ISSN: 2530-0180, Vol: 70, Issue: 9, Page: 584-591
2023
  • 1
    Citations
  • 0
    Usage
  • 3
    Captures
  • 0
    Mentions
  • 0
    Social Media
Metric Options:   Counts1 Year3 Year

Metrics Details

  • Citations
    1
    • Citation Indexes
      1
      • CrossRef
        1
  • Captures
    3

Article Description

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with hypopituitarism with a variable incidence, depending on the time and methods used to diagnosis, and on factors related to the trauma, such as its severity, its anatomical location and the drugs used in the acute phase. The pituitary gland can be damaged directly by the impact or secondary to factors such as ischemia, inflammation, excitotoxicity or immunity. In acute phases ACTH deficiency is the most relevant, since failure to detect and treat it can compromise the patient's life. Clinical manifestations are typical of each hormone deficient axes, although the combination hypopituitarism-trauma has been associated with cognitive deterioration, worse metabolic profile and greater impairment of quality of life. One of the clinical challenges is to determine which patients benefit from a systematic hormonal evaluation, and therefore from hormone replacement, and what is the appropriate time to do so and the most suitable diagnostic methods. El traumatismo craneoencefálico (TCE) se asocia con hipopituitarismo con una incidencia variable, dependiendo del momento y los métodos diagnósticos utilizados y de factores relacionados con el traumatismo, como la gravedad, localización anatómica y los fármacos utilizados la fase aguda tras el mismo. La hipófisis puede dañarse de forma directa por el impacto o de forma secundaria a factores como la isquemia, la inflamación, la excitotoxicidad o inmunidad. En fases agudas detectar el déficit de ACTH es vital. Además de las manifestaciones clínicas típicas del hipopituitarismo, se ha asociado con mayor deterioro cognitivo, peor perfil metabólico y mayor afectación de la calidad de vida. Uno de los retos clínicos es determinar qué pacientes se benefician de una evaluación hormonal sistemática tras sufrir un traumatismo, y por tanto de sustitución hormonal y cuál es el momento y metodo diagnostico apropiado para hacerlo.

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