Validación del cuestionario sobre vacunas y reticencia a vacunarse en la Sociedad Española de Epidemiología
Gaceta Sanitaria, ISSN: 0213-9111, Vol: 37, Page: 102329
2023
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New Vaccines Findings from University of Alacant Discussed (Validation of the Questionnaire On Vaccines and Hesitancy To Be Vaccinated In the Spanish Society of Epidemiology)
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Article Description
Confeccionar y validar una encuesta dirigida a profesionales de epidemiología para medir factores asociados a la reticencia vacunal. La reticencia a la vacunación se refiere al retraso en la aceptación o el rechazo de la vacunación a pesar de la disponibilidad de ella. La OMS la incluyó entre las diez amenazas a la salud global en 2019. En este marco conceptual propuesto por la OMS, un comité de seis expertos de la Sociedad Española de Epidemiología (SEE) diseñó un cuestionario autoadministrado para estudiar los factores asociados a la reticencia a la vacunación en epidemiólogos/as. Este cuestionario fue aprobado por la Junta de la SEE y se envió on line a todos/as los/las socios/as en 2019. A partir de las respuestas obtenidas se validaron las siguientes características: validez aparente, interna, de constructo y de criterio, fiabilidad, curvas características de cada ítem y función de información por ítem y conjunta. El cuestionario mostró dos componentes bien definidos: la percepción sobre las vacunas y la confianza en la transparencia de los datos sobre vacunas con altos grados de ajuste en todos los aspectos de la validación. Ambos componentes han demostrado que cuanto mayor es la reticencia a la vacunación, mejor informa el cuestionario sobre estos aspectos. El estudio ha permitido elaborar un instrumento validado en español para medir los factores asociados a la reticencia vacunal entre los/las epidemiólogos/as. To develop and validate a survey aimed at epidemiologists to measure factors associated with vaccine reluctance. Vaccination hesitancy refers to delayed acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite the availability of vaccination services. WHO included vaccination hesitancy among the 10 global health threats in 2019. Within this conceptual framework proposed by WHO, a committee of six experts from the Spanish Society of Epidemiology (SEE) designed a self-administered questionnaire to study factors associated with vaccination hesitancy in epidemiologists. This questionnaire was approved by the SEE Board, and was sent online to all members in 2019. Based on the responses obtained, the following characteristics were validated: face validity, internal validity, construct validity, criterion validity, reliability, as well as the characteristic curves of each item and the information function per item and overall. The final questionnaire showed two well-defined components, perception of vaccines and confidence in the transparency of vaccine data with high degrees of fit in all aspects of validation. Both components have shown that the higher the reluctance to vaccinate the better the questionnaire reports on these aspects. The study has allowed the development of a validated instrument in Spanish to measure the factors associated with vaccine reluctance among epidemiologists.
Bibliographic Details
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911123000432; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2023.102329; http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85173261854&origin=inward; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37820503; https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0213911123000432; http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0213-91112023000100174&lng=en&tlng=en; http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0213-91112023000100174&lng=en&tlng=en; http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0213-91112023000100174; http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0213-91112023000100174; https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2023.102329
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