Validation of a predictive model of a premixed, lean hydrogen combustion for internal combustion engines

For a rapid transition to a carbon-neutral transport sector, hydrogen internal combustion engines could be one measure. To support the development, suitable simulation models are needed. This paper provides enhancements to an existing combustion modeling approach for lean homogeneous hydrogen–air mixtures with online reaction kinetics and combines swirl charge motion with a spark ignited combustion process. These include a real gas equation of state, a wall heat loss model that is suitable for hydrogen and a flow model. The model is implemented in Python using Cantera with a custom solver interface. The model was successfully validated through experimental measurement data from an engine test bench. Additionally, some insights into the validity of the model assumptions are given by comparing model results to three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation data.