Enhancing biocompatibility and functionality: Carbon nanotube-polymer nanocomposites for improved biomedical applications

Nanotechnology and biomedical science have led to substantial advances in the development of novel materials for healthcare applications. Among these, carbon nanotube-polymer nanocomposites have attracted immense interest. By combining the adaptability and biocompatibility of polymers with the distinct mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties of carbon nanotubes, these nanocomposites provide a flexible platform for the biomedical applications. They have been specifically investigated for their antimicrobial and anticancer potential, effective drug delivery, improved tissue engineering, and the development of extremely sensitive and unique biosensors. Incorporating carbon nanotubes into polymer substrates greatly increases their mechanical stability and robustness, which is a vital requirement for biomedical applications necessitating durable materials. Furthermore, carbon nanotubes can be used as electrodes in bioelectronic devices or as a component in the electrically activated drug delivery systems owing to their exceptional electrical conductivity. Carbon nanotube-polymer nanocomposites are becoming the attractive options for a variety of biomedical applications such as controlled drug release, neurological prosthetics, biosensing, and tissue regeneration. This review addresses the structure, synthesis, and preparation of carbon nanotube-polymer nanocomposites, highlighting their significance and application in the field of biomedicine.