Balanced truncation for discrete time-delay systems via the interpretation of system energy

In this paper, the balanced truncation method is investigated for discrete time-delay systems. We show that the energy associated with the system controllability and observability can be characterized via the delay Lyapunov matrices, similar to the case of continuous time-delay systems. Then, we balance the system via a coordinate transformation in order to retain the delay structure of systems naturally. In this way, the balanced truncation method is conducted to obtain structure-preserving reduced models. Further, we provide an efficient process to compute a low-rank approximation to delay Lyapunov matrices based on the equivalent expression of discrete time-delay systems, which enables an approximate but fast execution of the proposed method. The stability of reduced models is also discussed in the paper. Finally, numerical examples are simulated to verify the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed method.