The role of the Red Sea rift and the inherited geological structures in the seismo-volcanic activity along the rift flanks

The role of the Red Sea rift on the development and the discrepancy of the seismo-volcanic activity along its flanks is still a debate. Here we tried to resolve this debate by a high-resolution tomographic imaging of the northern Red Sea subsurface structures. For the first time, a large number of arrival time data from the Saudi and Egyptian seismic networks were used. The area comprises the Lunayyir volcanic field in the Saudi Arabia, the Abu-Dabbab seismogenic zone in the Egyptian Red Sea coast, and the Zabargad Shear Zone in the Red Sea. This study revealed clear images of the Red Sea rift-related structures along its flanks. The subsurface extension of the different shear and suture zones existing in the Arabian Nubian shield are well imaged. It is found that the Lunayyir seismo-volcanic activity is possibly controlled by the reactivation of the Yanbu suture zone that is associated with steeply northwestward dipping structure. The suture detachments were observed and identified across the Red Sea as low-V channels. The Egyptian Eastern Desert is found to be highly deformed with crustal-scaled low-V structures which were inherited from the early period of Gondwana collision. The NE-SW strike slip faults along the Red Sea were found to be a part of this deformation that are extended deeply in the crust. The Abu-Dabbab and Marsa-Alam areas were strongly influenced by this deformation with possible magma intrusions. This study provides new insights on the role of the Red Sea in the seismo-volcanic activity along its flanks.