Benzophenone type UVR filters for various materials: A review

Since 1992 to 2020, totally 32 benzophenone analogues ( Bp-1 to Bp-32 ) are tested for their UV rays (UVR) filtering capacity and reported in the scientific literature databases. In this review, the molecular structure of 32 benzophenone(s) ( Bp-1to Bp-32 ), the materials on which their UVR filtering were tested, medium/additives, methods, and mechanism interpreted by the authors were summarized and discussed. In addition to that the factors influencing the UVR filtering ability of Bp s such as substituents on Bp s, concentration of Bp s used, materials on which the Bp s are coated are also detailed and discussed. We strongly believe that this review could be useful for the researches working on sun protective or UVR protective materials development. Variation of UVR filtering ability (UPF / SPF) of different Bps on different materials infers that the chemical additives and materials used (fabric / liquid or semi solid formulations / films or sheets) also impacts the UVR filtration. Few reports have speculated the molecular science aspect of Bps used. Hence the molecular mechanism of all the 32 Bp s in the UVR filtration process has to be investigated through experimental or computational approaches. We recommend that the research on the molecular science aspect of these Bp s is essential to understand its efficacy in UVR filtration in the lower concentration limits. This is the first review report on the efficiency of benzophenone ( Bps ) type UVR absorbers.