Multi-step syntheses, electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry of peripheral Co II , Cu II and Mn III Cl phthalocyanines bearing pyrazoline

New Co II ( CoPc ), Cu II ( CuPc ) and Mn III Cl ( MnPc ) phthalocyanines bearing pyrazoline were acquired and their structural characterization were performed by mass, NMR, UV–Vis and FT-IR spectroscopic methods. Afterwards, electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties of cobalt(II), copper (II) and manganese (III) phthalocyanines were searched. Redox mechanisms of Co II ( CoPc ), Cu II ( CuPc ) and Mn III Cl ( MnPc ) phthalocyanines were determined by using in-situ spectroelectrochemical and electrochemical analyses. The electrochemical analyses indicated that CuPc illustrated Pc ring based redox processes. [Co II Pc 2− ]/[Co I Pc 2− ] 1− and [Co II Pc 2− ]/[Co III Pc 2− ] 1+ couples for CoPc and [Cl 1− -Mn III Pc 2− ]/[Cl 1− -Mn II Pc 2− ] 1− and [Cl 1− -Mn II Pc 2− ] 1− /[Cl 1− -Mn I Pc 2− ] 2− couples for MnPc were observed in addition to the Pc based reactions. These redox mechanisms were supported with the in-situ spectroelectrochemical measurements. Distinct spectral and color changes were observed due to the metal based redox reactions of CoPc and MnPc. The enhanced redox activity of CoPc and MnPc indicated these functionalities for the possible electrochemical applications.