High energy storage performance of Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 -Ba 0.65 Sr 0.35 TiO 3 -AgNbO 3 relaxor ferroelectrics with excellent temperature and frequency stability

Dielectric ceramics have important applications in high-power pulse devices, primarily due to their fast charge–discharge speed and outstanding reliability. However, their high energy storage properties can only be realizable under large electric fields, thereby limiting their practical application in integrated electronic devices. Here, we synthesized (1- x %)(0.5Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 -0.5Ba 0.65 Sr 0.35 TiO 3 )- x %AgNbO 3 (BNT-BST- x AN, x  = 1, 3, 5 and 8) relaxor ferroelectric ceramics, which achieved remarkable energy storage properties under low electric fields (LEFs). Notably, the BNT-BST-5AN ceramics showed maximum recoverable energy storage density ( W rec  ∼ 2.8 J/cm 3 ) and efficiency ( η  ∼ 87 %) under LEFs. Moreover, the BNT-BST-5AN ceramics exhibit superior thermal and frequency stability in W rec and η. The charge–discharge tests for BNT-BST-5AN ceramics exhibited a high discharge energy density ( W dis  ∼ 2.15 J/cm 3 ) and rapid charge–discharge time ( t 0.9  = 56 ns). This study presents a novel method for fabricating dielectric energy storage ceramics that exhibit high performance under LEFs.