Influencia de la concentración de calcio en el líquido de hemodiálisis sobre el control de la tensión arterial
Nefrología, ISSN: 0211-6995, Vol: 39, Issue: 1, Page: 44-49
2019
- 3Citations
- 17Captures
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- Citations3
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- Policy Citations1
- Policy Citation1
- Captures17
- Readers17
- 17
Article Description
La hipertensión arterial es altamente prevalente en los pacientes en hemodiálisis. Implica un mayor riesgo cardiovascular y es fundamental su control. A pesar de medidas dietéticas, optimización de la pauta de hemodiálisis y tratamiento farmacológico, existe un porcentaje de pacientes en nuestras unidades que continúan hipertensos. Es por ello que nos planteamos que la reducción de calcio en el líquido de diálisis puede ayudar al manejo de los pacientes hipertensos en hemodiálisis. Se seleccionaron todos los pacientes hipertensos de nuestra unidad de hemodiálisis. Se comprobó estado de normovolemia mediante bioimpedancia espectroscópica y se disminuyó la concentración de calcio del líquido de hemodiálisis a 2,5 mEq/l, con un seguimiento de 12 meses. Cumplieron criterios de hipertensión arterial no volumen-dependiente 24 pacientes (edad 61 ± 15 años, varones el 48%, diabetes el 43%). Se observó una disminución significativa en la tensión arterial sistólica y diastólica a los 6 y 12 meses de la reducción de la concentración del calcio de diálisis, sin acompañarse de mayor inestabilidad hemodinámica (tensión arterial sistólica basal 162 ± 14; a los 6 meses 146 ± 18; a los 12 meses 141 ± 21 mmHg; p = 0,001) (tensión arterial diastólica basal 76 ± 14; a los 6 meses 70 ± 12; a los 12 meses 65 ± 11 mmHg; p = 0,005) Existió un aumento de los niveles plasmáticos de PTH de forma no significativa. No se evidenciaron efectos secundarios. La hemodiálisis con calcio en el líquido de 2,5 mEq/l es una alternativa terapéutica eficaz y segura para el control de hipertensión arterial de difícil manejo en los pacientes de hemodiálisis. Hypertension is a highly prevalent disorder among patients undergoing haemodialysis. It contributes to greater cardiovascular risk and must be controlled. However, despite dietary measures, haemodialysis regimen optimisation and pharmacological treatment, some patients in our units continue to maintain high blood pressure levels. The objective of the study is to demonstrate that reducing calcium in dialysis fluid can help treat hypertension patients undergoing haemodialysis. We selected all of the hypertensive patients from our haemodialysis unit. We checked their normovolemic status by means of bioimpedance spectroscopy, decreasing the haemodialysis fluid's calcium concentration to 2.5 mEq/l, with a follow-up period of 12 months. A total of 24 patients met the non-volume dependent hypertension criteria (age 61 ± 15 years, males 48%, diabetes 43%). A significant systolic and diastolic blood pressure decrease was observed at 6 and 12 months as a result of reducing the dialysis calcium concentration; this was not accompanied by greater haemodynamic instability (baseline systolic blood pressure: 162 ± 14 mmHg; at 6 months: 146 ± 18 mmHg; at 12 months: 141 ± 21 mmHg; P =.001) (baseline diastolic blood pressure: 76 ± 14 mmHg; at 6 months: 70 ± 12 mmHg; at 12 months: 65 ± 11 mmHg; P =.005). A non-significant increase in plasma parathyroid hormone levels was also found. No side effects were observed. Adding 2.5 mEq/l of calcium to dialysis fluid is a safe and effective therapeutic alternative to control hard-to-manage hypertension among haemodialysis patients.
Bibliographic Details
Elsevier BV
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