Peptic ulcer: Current prospects of diagnostic and nanobiotechnological trends on pathogenicity

A peptic ulcer is a chronic and recurrent disease, massively effect on the morbidity and mortality and almost 20% of the world human population experiences from this illness. The main factors lead to peptic ulcer is the infection of Helicobacter pylori bacteria and regular intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Huge development has been accomplished in deciding the pathogenesis of this disease and finding the right biomarkers are mandatory with understanding the current scenario. The existence and form of ulcers cannot be anticipated precisely from the signs and the differential diagnosis is comprehensive. Ultimately, diagnostics on H. pylori have been in front of the beneficial health of human and a special focus in the future. On the other hand, nanoencapsulation is an advanced methodology, can be applied in peptic ulcer treatment from the natural sources. Indeed, nanocellulose particles have been proposed and studied as novel formulations to enhance the stability and solubility of phytochemicals, improve their absorption, protect them from untimely degradation in the body and lengthen their circulation time. Merging the current prospects of diagnostics and nanotechnological approaches are necessary for the remedy from peptic ulcer.