Data Ecosystem for Industrial Product- Service Systems (IPS 2 ) Based on a Decentralized Data Architecture

Industrial Product-Service Systems (IPS 2 ) confront design organizations with new challenges. One of those is the need for co-designing products with services, and their underlying service provider and supplier networks including the business models driving their cooperation for value delivery to the end users. In this context, data collected about all the organizations involved in IPS 2 design and delivery are becoming increasingly valuable assets for both, the design as well as the continuous improvement, adaptation, and optimization of IPS 2. In today's company IT infrastructures, data is typically managed in centralized data warehouses or data lakes. In order to cope with the dynamic nature of IPS 2 design and operation, agile de-centralized data organizations would be appropriate. Qualitative statements about the feasibility of some decentralized architectures realized with data mesh principles are given from practical use cases. This work focuses on a decentralized data architecture to enabling IPS 2 design and operation. Therefore, this work investigates the related challenges from centralized databases and proposes a decentralized concept solution tackling the requirements data privacy, data traceability, data accountability and data usability for the use case of a Mobility as a Service (MaaS) data ecosystem. For this purpose, compared to existing use cases, modern technology solutions such as blockchain technology and smart contracts are integrated in the concept.