Enhanced hydrogen and methane production from date fruit wastes using semi continuous two-stage anaerobic digestion process with increasing organic loading rates

Biological conversion of date wastes under continuous conditions is a challenge due to their high content of biodegradable organic matter. In this study, hydrogen (H 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) production in a two-stage process to increase the energy recovery from date pulp wastes (DPW) was investigated. In the first stage, the effect of increasing organic leading rate (OLR) on dark fermentation (DF) performances was evaluated in a semi continuously stirred tank reactors (SCSTR) without nutrients addition. The highest volumetric H 2 production rate (VHPR) and specific H 2 yield (SHY) of 0.76 L/L.d and 81 LH 2 /kg volatile solid (VS), respectively were achieved at high OLR of 11.74 gVS/L.d. In the second stage, the DF effluent was used as substrate to feed the SCSTR of anaerobic digestion (AD). The highest volumetric methane production rate (VMPR) of 2.92 L/L.d was achieved with a high OLR (4.25 gVS/L.d) and short hydraulic retention time (HRT, 8 days), producing specific methane yield (SMY) of 530 LCH 4 /kgVS. Thus, the two-stage process can be an effective strategy for high rate renewable energy recovery (13 kJ/gVS inlet ) and organic waste processing.