Mixed systems of hydroxyapatite Gallium oxide (Ga 2 O 3 )/Graphene oxide for medical applications: antibacterial, mechanical and morphology

Hydroxyapatite (HAP), Gallium oxide(Ga 2 O 3 ), and graphene oxide (GO) are recommended to be utilized for biologic scaffold utility. The fabricated compositions introduce multi-functionality. Moreover, the structural configurations were investigated by XRD. Also, the surface morphology inspection was executed by electron microscopes (FESEM, and TEM). The nano-rods of HAP appeared with a diameter (around 26-74 nm), and lengths ranging from 43 to 166 nm. Also, TNC is displayed with diameter and length ranging from 12-56 and 17-171 nm, respectively. Also, the micro-hardness study confirms the advances in mechanical behavior upon HAP/Ga 2 O 3 /GO TNC formation, that it achieved 3.2±0.1GPa. As well, biocompatibility is approved via in vitro cell viability examination and is growing up from 95.9 ± 3% to 98.3 ± 4 %. by moving from HAP to ternary nano0composite (TNC). In this respect, the antibacterial performance was detected as a mirror of the inhibition zone area (mm). The inhibition zone is taken widening in the case of Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) as well, TNC achieves 20.9 ± 1.2 and 20.1 ± 1.1 mm, respectively. Consequently, the prepared NCs are promising in the biological sector of application.