Screening and detection of the in vitro agonistic activity of xenobiotics on the retinoic acid receptor
Toxicology in Vitro, ISSN: 0887-2333, Vol: 22, Issue: 4, Page: 1050-1061
2008
- 56Citations
- 47Captures
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Example: if you select the 1-year option for an article published in 2019 and a metric category shows 90%, that means that the article or review is performing better than 90% of the other articles/reviews published in that journal in 2019. If you select the 3-year option for the same article published in 2019 and the metric category shows 90%, that means that the article or review is performing better than 90% of the other articles/reviews published in that journal in 2019, 2018 and 2017.
Citation Benchmarking is provided by Scopus and SciVal and is different from the metrics context provided by PlumX Metrics.
Metrics Details
- Citations56
- Citation Indexes53
- 53
- CrossRef44
- Policy Citations3
- Policy Citation3
- Captures47
- Readers47
- 47
Article Description
The retinoic acid receptors (RARs) play key roles in various biological processes in response to endogenous retinoic acids. However, excessive embryonic exposure to specific ligands for each subtype of the RAR was reported to induce specific developmental abnormalities. We measured the RAR agonistic activity of 543 chemicals using an assay system adopting yeast cells transfected with the human RARγ and a coactivator. Eighty-five of the 543 chemicals, including 16 organochlorine pesticides, 14 styrene dimers, 9 monoalkylphenols and 6 parabens, exhibited RARγ agonistic effects in this assay. In particular, monoalkylphenols having a 6–9 carbon alkyl group para to the phenolic hydroxyl group possessed high affinity for the RARγ, and their activities were 1.363–0.446% of that of all-trans RA. para -Alkylphenols chlorinated at the ortho position also were about as active or more active than their unchlorinated analogs. In addition, all tested styrene dimers showed positive effects, and the activity of 1-phenyltetralin, the strongest in this category, was 1.169% that of all-trans RA. A number of chemicals having binding affinity for the RARγ were revealed in this study (both newly identified and confirmed), further comprehensive studies of in vitro and in vivo effects via the RARs are required for the reliable risk assessment of chemicals. In vitro receptor binding studies represent an important step in hazard identification and suggest a potential mechanism of action, which can be an important step in risk assessment and in particular for screening studies to identify potential toxicity and inform mechanistic studies.
Bibliographic Details
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887233308000064; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2008.01.002; http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=41949104604&origin=inward; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18289828; https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0887233308000064; https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2008.01.002
Elsevier BV
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