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Chapter 9 Immunological Studies on Collagen Type Transition in Chondrogenesis

Current Topics in Developmental Biology, ISSN: 0070-2153, Vol: 14, Issue: C, Page: 199-225
1980
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This chapter describes the applications of immunological assays for collagen types to the problems of chondrogenic differentiation, attempting to demonstrate the advantages and limitations of these assays. The immunological assays for collagen types in tissue culture are of greatest use when supplemented with biochemical data. The chapter also elucidates the particular role of genetically distinct collagen types in embryonic development. The differentiation of a cartilage cell from an embryonic precursor cell is morphologically characterized by a dramatic increase in the cytoplasmic volume, the amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus. Types I and II collagen differ in about one–third of their amino acid sequence, resulting in charge differences, different chromatographic behavior, and different peptide patterns produced by cyanogen bromide cleavage. These differences allow a biochemical and immunological separation and identification of the collagen types in normal and pathological tissues and in developing systems. During cartilage differentiation, not only the amount of collagen synthesis per cell, but also the type of collagen changes from type I to type II collagen. Therefore, the immunological identification of collagen types I and II permits a specific qualitative and quantitative description of the onset of chondrogenic differentiation in embryonic development and in tissue culture.

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