Stenosi laringotracheali del bambino
EMC - Otorinolaringoiatria, ISSN: 1639-870X, Vol: 19, Issue: 3, Page: 1-12
2020
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Review Description
Le stenosi laringotracheali sono patologie rare nel bambino, ma restano contrassegnate da una significativa morbimortalità. La fisiopatologia differisce in base all’origine congenita o acquisita, ma anche in base alla localizzazione. I segni clinici dipendono dal grado di stenosi e dalla sua sede, ma non sono specifici. La diagnosi si basa, quindi, principalmente, sull’endoscopia, che consentirà di valutare la natura, l’altezza e la gravità della stenosi e di escludere una diagnosi differenziale o un’altra lesione del tratto respiratorio. Il posto della radiologia è limitato alle stenosi insuperabili, alle compressioni estrinseche o alle masse intraluminali. Il trattamento medico mira a controllare i fattori di scompenso e a trattare la parte infiammatoria acuta. Il trattamento chirurgico è proposto nelle forme gravi. L’approccio endoscopico è stato ampiamente sviluppato negli ultimi due decenni, ma la via esterna conserva indicazioni nelle forme gravi o in caso di insuccesso della via endoscopica.
Bibliographic Details
Elsevier BV
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