Probing the role of promoters in zinc reduction of nitrobenzene: Continuous production of hydroxylaminobenzene
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, ISSN: 0888-5885, Vol: 46, Issue: 21, Page: 6840-6846
2007
- 9Citations
- 26Captures
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Conference Paper Description
Production of hydroxylaminobenzene (HAB) via zinc reduction of nitrobenzene (NB) is an established batch process based on aqueous electrolytic reactions involving an electrolyte as the promoter. This experimental study explored continuous production of HAB that is needed as an intermediate in a novel zinc/biocatalyst processing train, recently demonstrated by Luckarift et al. to obtain aminophenols. Experiments were conducted using a Zn packed bed to probe the role of promoters under continuous-flow conditions at a temperature of 60°C and promoter/NB molar ratios of 0.75, 1.15, and 1.5. In addition to the conventional NH Cl, ammonium formate and acetate were used as promoters. The best HAB yield was 95%, as compared to the batch yield of 68%. The formation of oxidized zinc species caused the packed bed to build back pressure, which appeared to enhance the selectivity of HAB/aniline. The formation of NB and ammonium/zinc complexes, as supported by voltammetric evidence, appears to be one of the key roles of promoters. These findings demonstrated efficacy and advantages of the continuous HAB production process. © 2007 American Chemical Society.
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