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Zinc balance in combined zinc deficiency and uremia

Kidney International, ISSN: 0085-2538, Vol: 33, Issue: 6, Page: 1091-1099
1988
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Article Description

Zinc balance in combined zinc deficiency and uremia. In order to evaluate whether the hypozincemia associated with chronic renal failure represents true negative zinc balance, male Lewis rats were randomized and pair-fed zinc replete (+Zn) or deplete (-Zn) diets. Subsequently, each animal underwent one- and two-thirds nephrectomy, or a sham operation. Complete balances for zinc, calcium, and magnesium were determined weekly before and after nephrectomy. At sacrifice, -Zn animals had significantly lower (P < 0.005) plasma zinc levels compared to controls. Nephrectomized (N) animals had significantly elevated plasma creatinine (P < 0.005), diminished creatinine clearances (P < 0.005), and increased urinary flows (P < 0.005) and protein excretion (P < 0.01) compared to sham-operated (S) controls. Zinc nutritional status had no effect on these parameters in animals with comparable renal function. -Zn/N animals had consistently significantly elevated (P < 0.005) urinary zinc excretion compared with -Zn/S with similar plasma zinc concentrations. Urinary zinc excretion correlated with urinary flow (r = 0.739, P < 0.005), urinary protein (r = 0.635, P < 0.01) and urinary calcium excretion (r = 0.855, P < 0.005) in -Zn groups. -Zn/N rats had a significantly larger fecal zinc excretion for the first week post-nephrectomy, compared to -Zn/S controls (P < 0.005). This resulted in negative zinc balance in -Zn/N animals, compared to their pre-nephrectomy balance (P < 0.05) or to -Zn/S controls for the first (P < 0.005) and second (P < 0.05) weeks. -Zn/N rats had lower (P < 0.02) hepatic zinc concentrations compared to the -Zn/S group. We conclude that increased urinary and fecal zinc excretion contributed to the development of negative zinc balance in zinc depleted animals with early chronic renal insufficiency. Hepatic compartmentalization of zinc does not contribute to the hypozincemia of -Zn uremic rats. Zinc balance in uremic animals is primarily determined by nutritional zinc.

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