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Sequence-selective osmium oxidation of DNA: Efficient distinction between 5-methylcytosine and cytosine

Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, ISSN: 1477-0520, Vol: 4, Issue: 9, Page: 1638-1640
2006
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A common modified pyrimidine base, 5-Methylcytosine (M) was distinguished from cytosine using the large difference of their osmium oxidation rates, and this reaction was applied to detection of the cytosine methylation status at a specific site of a long sequence. This was done using the formation of a bulge structure by hybridization with a guide DNA. 5-Methylcytosine is a common modified pyrimidine base, which frequently appears in genomic DNA, particularly in CpG sequences, and plays a key role in epigenetic events. M was oxidized efficiently by exposure to a reaction mixture containing an osmium complex, making possible a clear distinction from very weak oxidation of C. M-selective oxidation is applicable to detection of the cytosine methylation status at a specific site of a long sequence using the formation of a bulge structure by hybridization with a guide DNA.

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