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NOD-like receptors: Major players (and targets) in the interface between innate immunity and cancer

Bioscience Reports, ISSN: 1573-4935, Vol: 29, Issue: 4, Page: 1-21
2019
  • 93
    Citations
  • 0
    Usage
  • 110
    Captures
  • 0
    Mentions
  • 3
    Social Media
Metric Options:   Counts1 Year3 Year

Metrics Details

  • Citations
    93
  • Captures
    110
  • Social Media
    3
    • Shares, Likes & Comments
      3
      • Facebook
        3

Review Description

Innate immunity comprises several inflammation-related modulatory pathways which receive signals from an array of membrane-bound and cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The NLRs (NACHT (NAIP (neuronal apoptosis inhibitor protein), C2TA (MHC class 2 transcription activator), HET-E (incompatibility locus protein from Podospora anserina) and TP1 (telomerase-associated protein) and Leucine-Rich Repeat (LRR) domain containing proteins) relate to a large family of cytosolic innate receptors, involved in detection of intracellular pathogens and endogenous byproducts of tissue injury. These receptors may recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and/or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), activating host responses against pathogen infection and cellular stress. NLR-driven downstream signals trigger a number of signaling circuitries, which may either initiate the formation of inflammasomes and/or activate nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), stress kinases, interferon response factors (IRFs), inflammatory caspases and autophagy. Disruption of those signals may lead to a number of pro-inflammatory conditions, eventually promoting the onset of human malignancies. In this review, we describe the structures and functions of the most well-defined NLR proteins and highlight their association and biological impact on a diverse number of cancers.

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