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Doppler cooling of gallium atoms: 1. Fine structure effects and transient coherences

Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, ISSN: 0953-4075, Vol: 40, Issue: 8, Page: 1535-1551
2007
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Article Description

A realistic model of the dipole radiation forces in transverse Doppler cooling (with a σ-σ laser configuration) of an atomic beam of group 13 elements is studied within the quantum-kinetic equation framework. The full energy level sub-structure for such an atom with I ≤ 0 (such as Ga) is analysed. Two cooling strategies are investigated; the first involving the P → D transition and the second a dual laser cooling experiment involving transitions P and P → S. The latter scheme creates a velocity-independent dark-state resonance that inhibits a steady-state dipole cooling force. However, time-dependent calculations show that transient cooling forces are present that could be exploited for laser cooling purposes in pulsed laser fields. © 2007 IOP Publishing Ltd.

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