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Insulin-sensitizing effects of dietary resistant starch and effects on skeletal muscle and adipose tissue metabolism 2

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN: 0002-9165, Vol: 82, Issue: 3, Page: 559-567
2005
  • 419
    Citations
  • 0
    Usage
  • 347
    Captures
  • 8
    Mentions
  • 50
    Social Media
Metric Options:   Counts1 Year3 Year

Metrics Details

  • Citations
    419
  • Captures
    347
  • Mentions
    8
    • News Mentions
      6
      • News
        6
    • References
      2
      • Wikipedia
        2
  • Social Media
    50
    • Shares, Likes & Comments
      50
      • Facebook
        50

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Article Description

Background: Resistant starch may modulate insulin sensitivity, although the precise mechanism of this action is unknown. Objective: We studied the effects of resistant starch on insulin sensitivity and tissue metabolism. Design: We used a 4-wk supplementation period with 30 g resistant starch/d, compared with placebo, in 10 healthy subjects and assessed the results by using arteriovenous difference methods. Results: When assessed by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, insulin sensitivity was higher after resistant starch supplementation than after placebo treatment (9.7 and 8.5 × 10 −2 mg glucose · kg −1 · min −1 · (mU insulin/L) −1, respectively; P = 0.03); insulin sensitivity during the meal tolerance test (MTT) was 33% higher ( P = 0.05). Forearm muscle glucose clearance during the MTT was also higher after resistant starch supplementation ( P = 0.03) despite lower insulin concentrations ( P = 0.02); glucose clearance adjusted for insulin was 44% higher. Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA; P = 0.02) and glycerol ( P = 0.05) release were lower with resistant starch supplementation, although systemic NEFA concentrations were not significantly altered. Short-chain fatty acid concentrations (acetate and propionate) were higher during the MTT ( P = 0.05 and 0.01, respectively), as was acetate uptake by adipose tissue ( P = 0.03). Fasting plasma ghrelin concentrations were higher with resistant starch supplementation (2769 compared with 2062 pg/mL; P = 0.03), although postprandial suppression (40–44%) did not differ significantly. Measurements of gene expression in adipose tissue and muscle were uninformative, which suggests effects at a metabolic level. The resistant starch supplement was well tolerated. Conclusion: These results suggest that dietary supplementation with resistant starch has the potential to improve insulin sensitivity. Further studies in insulin-resistant persons are needed.

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