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Late graft failure after kidney transplantation as the consequence of late versus early events

American Journal of Transplantation, ISSN: 1600-6135, Vol: 18, Issue: 5, Page: 1158-1167
2018
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Article Description

Beyond the first posttransplant year, 3% of kidney transplants fail annually. In a prospective, multicenter cohort study, we tested the relative impact of early versus late events on risk of long-term death-censored graft failure (DCGF). In grafts surviving at least 90 days, early events (acute rejection [AR] and delayed graft function [DGF] before day 90) were recorded; serum creatinine (Cr) at day 90 was defined as baseline. Thereafter, a 25% rise in serum Cr or new-onset proteinuria triggered graft biopsy (index biopsy, IBx), allowing comparison of risk of DCGF associated with early events (AR, DGF, baseline serum Cr >2.0 mg/dL) to that associated with later events (IBx). Among 3678 patients followed for 4.7 ± 1.9 years, 753 (20%) had IBx at a median of 15.3 months posttransplant. Early AR (HR = 1.77, P <.001) and elevated Cr at Day 90 (HR = 2.56, P <.0001) were associated with increased risk of DCGF; however, later-onset dysfunction requiring IBx had far greater impact (HR = 13.8, P <.0001). At 90 days, neither clinical characteristics nor early events distinguished those who subsequently did or did not undergo IBx or suffer DCGF. To improve long-term kidney allograft survival, management paradigms should promote prompt diagnosis and treatment of both early and later events.

Bibliographic Details

Gaston, Robert S; Fieberg, Ann; Hunsicker, Lawrence; Kasiske, Bertram L; Leduc, Robert; Cosio, Fernando G; Gourishankar, Sita; Grande, Joseph; Mannon, Roslyn B; Rush, David; Cecka, J Michael; Connett, John; Matas, Arthur J

Elsevier BV

Medicine

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