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Antiviral and immunomodulatory effects of a novel bacterial exopolysaccharide of shallow marine vent origin

Journal of Applied Microbiology, ISSN: 1365-2672, Vol: 116, Issue: 4, Page: 1028-1034
2014
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EPS T14 from Bacillus licheniformis Prevents Infection of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells by Respiratory Viruses

Introduction Despite successes of preventive measures and vaccinations, respiratory tract viral infections still have a significant impact on morbidity and mortality worldwide causing seasonal epidemics

Article Description

Aims: To evaluate a novel exopolysaccharide (EPS1) from the recently described haloalkaliphilic, thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis strain T14, isolated from a shallow hydrothermal vent of Panarea Island (Italy), for its antiviral and immunomodulatory effects against herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). Methods and Results: EPS1-T14 hindered the HSV-2 replication in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) but not in WISH cells, indicating that cell-mediated immunity was involved in the antiviral activity. High levels of Th1-type cytokines were detected in supernatants of EPS1-treated PBMC, while Th2-type cytokines were not induced. Conclusions: The novel EPS1-T14 is a water-soluble, noncytotoxic exopolymer able to stimulate the immune response and thus contribute to the antiviral immune defence, acting as immunomodulator. Significance and Impact of the Study: The exopolysaccharide produced by B. licheniformis strain T14, stimulator of Th1 cell-mediated immunity, could be used as therapy in immunocompromised host. © 2013 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Bibliographic Details

C. Gugliandolo; A. Spanò; V. Lentini; T. L. Maugeri; A. Arena

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; Immunology and Microbiology

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