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Sensitivity of na/k-ATPase isoforms to acid and aluminum explains differential effects on atlantic salmon osmoregulation in fresh water and seawater

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, ISSN: 1205-7533, Vol: 75, Issue: 8, Page: 1319-1328
2018
  • 5
    Citations
  • 0
    Usage
  • 24
    Captures
  • 0
    Mentions
  • 0
    Social Media
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Metrics Details

  • Citations
    5
    • Citation Indexes
      5
  • Captures
    24

Article Description

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts are sensitive to acid rain and associated increases in dissolved inorganic aluminum (Al) resulting in decreased seawater tolerance at this critical life stage. Salmon have two major isoforms of the catalytic alpha subunit of Na/K-ATPase (NKA), with NKAμ1a being the major freshwater (FW) isoform and NKAμ1b the major seawater (SW) isoform. Here we evaluate physiological markers of SW preparedness and NKAμ1a and NKAμ1b isoforms after short-term exposure to acidified water and acidified water with added Al (acid–Al). Atlantic salmon smolts were exposed to low ion FW (Control), low ion acidic water (pH 5.2; acid), and low ion acidic water (pH 5.2) with moderate levels of added inorganic Al (35 μg·L; acid–Al) for 4 days. Acid exposure resulted in loss of salinity tolerance (higher plasma chloride (Cl) after SW exposure) and significantly decreased the levels of gill NKAμ1b but not NKAμ1a protein abundance. Acid–Al exposure resulted in loss of plasma Cl in FW and higher plasma Cl in SW and decreased NKAμ1a and NKAμ1b abundance. The loss of salinity tolerance in smolts can be explained by the differential sensitivity of NKA isoforms to acid.

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