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Comparative effects of a low-carbohydrate diet and exercise plus a low-carbohydrate diet on muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum responses in males

American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology, ISSN: 0363-6143, Vol: 291, Issue: 4, Page: C607-17
2006
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We employed a glycogen-depleting session of exercise followed by a low-carbohydrate (CHO) diet to investigate modifications that occur in muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca-cycling properties compared with low-CHO diet alone. SR properties were assessed in nine untrained males [peak aerobic power (V̇O) = 43.6 ± 2.6 (SE) ml·kg·min] during prolonged cycle exercise to fatigue performed at ∼58% V̇O after 4 days of low-CHO diet (Lo CHO) and after glycogen-depleting exercise plus 4 days of low-CHO (Ex+Lo CHO). Compared with Lo CHO, Ex+Lo CHO resulted in 12% lower (P < 0.05) resting maximal Ca-ATPase activity (V = 174 ± 12 vs. 153 ± 10 μmol·g protein ·min) and smaller reduction in V induced during exercise. A similar effect was observed for Ca uptake. The Hill coefficient, defined as slope of the relationship between cytosolic free Ca concentration and Ca-ATPase activity, was higher (P < 0.05) at rest (2.07 ± 0.15 vs. 1.90 ± 0.10) with Ex+Lo CHO, an effect that persisted throughout the exercise. The coupling ratio, defined as the ratio of Ca uptake to V , was 23-30% elevated (P < 0.05) at rest and during the first 60 min of exercise with Ex+Lo CHO. The ∼27 and 34% reductions (P < 0.05) in phase 1 and phase 2 Ca release, respectively, observed during exercise with Lo CHO were not altered by Ex+Lo CHO. These results indicate that when prolonged exercise precedes a short-term Lo CHO diet, Ca sequestration properties and efficiency are improved compared with those during Lo CHO alone. Copyright © 2006 the American Physiological Society.

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