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Macrovascular blood flow and microvascular cerebrovascular reactivity are regionally coupled in adolescence

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, ISSN: 1559-7016, Page: 271678X241298588
2024
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Recent Findings from Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Highlight Research in Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism (Macrovascular blood flow and microvascular cerebrovascular reactivity are regionally coupled in adolescence)

2024 DEC 02 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at NewsRx Hematology Daily -- Investigators discuss new findings in cerebral blood flow and

Article Description

Cerebrovascular imaging assessments are particularly challenging in adolescent cohorts, where not all modalities are appropriate, and rapid brain maturation alters hemodynamics at both macro- and microvascular scales. In a preliminary sample of healthy adolescents (n = 12, 8–25 years), we investigated relationships between 4D flow MRI-derived blood velocity and blood flow in bilateral anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries and BOLD cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in associated vascular territories. As hypothesized, higher velocities in large arteries are associated with an earlier response to a vasodilatory stimulus (cerebrovascular reactivity delay) in the downstream territory. Higher blood flow through these arteries is associated with a larger BOLD response to a vasodilatory stimulus (cerebrovascular reactivity amplitude) in the associated territory. These trends are consistent in a case study of adult moyamoya disease. In our small adolescent cohort, macrovascular-microvascular relationships for velocity/delay and flow/CVR change with age, though underlying mechanisms are unclear. Our work emphasizes the need to better characterize this key stage of human brain development, when cerebrovascular hemodynamics are changing, and standard imaging methods offer limited insight into these processes. We provide important normative data for future comparisons in pathology, where combining macro- and microvascular assessments may better help us prevent, stratify, and treat cerebrovascular disease.

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