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IL-15 but not IL-2 rapidly induces lethal xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease

Blood, ISSN: 0006-4971, Vol: 106, Issue: 7, Page: 2433-2435
2005
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Article Description

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-15 are structurally related cytokines that share receptor components but display markedly different effects in multiple in vivo model systems. Here we demonstrate that IL-15 but not IL-2 exacerbates xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease (X-GVHD) in severe combined immunodeficient murine recipients of human peripheral-blood lymphocytes (hu-PBL-SCID). Treatment of hu-PBL-SCID mice with IL-15 resulted in rapid fatality, lymphocytic infiltrations in the liver, lung, and spleen consistent with X-GVHD, and a marked expansion of human CD4 + and CD8 + T cells compared with controls. Depletion of human T cells in vivo abrogated the lethality of IL-15 treatment. To our knowledge, these data are the first to demonstrate in vivo activation and expansion of human T lymphocytes in response to IL-15 with concomitant exacerbation of human T-cell-mediated X-GVHD. (Blood. 2005;106:2433-2435)

Bibliographic Details

Roychowdhury, Sameek; Blaser, Bradley W; Freud, Aharon G; Katz, Kerry; Bhatt, Darshna; Ferketich, Amy K; Bergdall, Valerie; Kusewitt, Donna; Baiocchi, Robert A; Caligiuri, Michael A

American Society of Hematology

Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; Immunology and Microbiology; Medicine

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