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Natural History of Obesity Subphenotypes: Dynamic Changes over Two Decades and Prognosis in the Framingham Heart Study

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN: 1945-7197, Vol: 104, Issue: 3, Page: 738-752
2018
  • 58
    Citations
  • 0
    Usage
  • 81
    Captures
  • 0
    Mentions
  • 254
    Social Media
Metric Options:   Counts1 Year3 Year

Metrics Details

  • Citations
    58
  • Captures
    81
  • Social Media
    254
    • Shares, Likes & Comments
      254
      • Facebook
        254

Article Description

Context The natural histories of obesity subphenotypes are incompletely delineated. Objectives To investigate dynamic changes in obesity subphenotypes and associations with outcomes. Design, Setting, Participants, and Measurements Framingham Offspring Cohort participants (n = 4291) who attended the examination cycles 2 (1979 to 1983) to 7 (1998 to 2001), which included 26,508 participant observations. Obesity subphenotypes [metabolically healthy nonobese (MHNO), metabolically healthy obese (MHO), metabolically unhealthy nonobese (MUNO), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO)] were ascertained based on metabolic health (<2 Adult Treatment Panel III criteria). The outcomes were subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD), incident diseases [diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD), CVD], and all-cause mortality. Results At baseline, 4% and 31% of participants exhibited the MHO and MUNO subphenotypes, respectively. Four-year probability of MHO participants becoming MUO was 43% in women and 46% in men. Compared with MHNO, MHO participants had 1.28-fold (95% CI, 0.85 to 1.93) and 1.92-fold (95% CI, 1.38 to 2.68) higher odds of subclinical CVD and coronary artery calcification, respectively; corresponding values for MUNO were 1.95 (1.54 to 2.47) and 1.92 (1.38 to 2.68). During follow-up (median of 14 years), 231 participants developed diabetes, 784 hypertension, 423 CKD, 639 CVD, and 1296 died. Compared with MHNO, MHO conferred higher risks of diabetes [hazard ratio (HR), 4.69; 95% CI, 2.21 to 9.96] and hypertension (HR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.66 to 2.94). Compared with MUO, MHO conferred lower risks of diabetes (0.21; 0.12 to 0.39), CVD (0.64; 0.43 to 0.95), and CKD (0.44; 0.27 to 0.73), but similar hypertension, cardiovascular mortality, and overall mortality risks. Conclusion Over time, most MHO participants developed metabolic abnormalities and clinical disease. The MHO subphenotype is a harbinger of future risk.

Bibliographic Details

Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin B; Short, Meghan I; Xanthakis, Vanessa; Field, Patrick; Sponholtz, Todd R; Larson, Martin G; Vasan, Ramachandran S

The Endocrine Society

Medicine; Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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