Prognostic importance of immunologochemical markers of papillary thyroid cancer

In Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC) in recent years an immunohistochemical markers were detected. Several authors consider their use as perspective to predict tumor behavior and the risk of recurrence and for differential diagnosis between different variants of PTC. However, the data obtained during various studies are controversial, which necessitates further research. Materials and methods: Using standard methods, the pathogistological material was obtained after surgical treatment of 273 patients with PTC. Expression of immunohistochemical markers: TTF1 and Gal3 - in 48 patients, p53 - in 50 patients, Ki-67 in 53 patients, NIS in 44 patients detected immunohistochemically. The connection between the histological type of tumor, the level of expression of immunohistochemical markers and the histological signs of aggressive tumor behavior are analyzed: multifocal, capsule invasion, extratireoidal invasion, lymph node damage. Results: In the analysis of data obtained with the use of standard histological techniques, it was found that the most aggressive variant was cylindrical cells PTC with a high incidence of extrathyroid invasion - 5.4 %, a capsule invasion -7.2 %, multifocal growth - 10.8 %, metastatic lymph nodes – 17.1 %. The high levels of TTF1 and Ki-67 expression, as well as the absence of NIS expression, were reliably associated with metastatic lymph node involvement (p <0.05). Reliable relationship with other histological signs of aggressive behavior of the tumor was not detected. No association was found between Gal3 and p53 expression levels and signs of aggressive tumor behavior. The data obtained in the study suggest that immunohistochemical markers reflect the processes characterizing the biological pathomorphism of the tumor and indicate a gradual loss of differentiation signs in more aggressive tumors. Conclusions: immunohistochemical markers changes reflect biological pathomorphism of the tumor, overexpression of ki67 and TTF1, as well as the loss of NIS, suggest a greater malignant tumor potential. The obtained data may help in individualized choice of surgical procedure