The Pendulum Effect: Political Exclusion and Shifting Dominance between Moderate and Radical Factions in Opposition Groups
SSRN, ISSN: 1556-5068
2023
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Example: if you select the 1-year option for an article published in 2019 and a metric category shows 90%, that means that the article or review is performing better than 90% of the other articles/reviews published in that journal in 2019. If you select the 3-year option for the same article published in 2019 and the metric category shows 90%, that means that the article or review is performing better than 90% of the other articles/reviews published in that journal in 2019, 2018 and 2017.
Citation Benchmarking is provided by Scopus and SciVal and is different from the metrics context provided by PlumX Metrics.
Article Description
This article analyzes the consequences of political inclusion and exclusion on opposition group moderation and radicalization. To contextualize contradictory arguments in the literature about their relationship, I develop a framework centering the cross-generational reproduction of factional tensions within opposition groups. I argue that political exclusion plays a foundational role in exacerbating tensions between moderates and radicals, helping explain variation in their levels of moderation or radicalization. To assess the theory and move beyond the literature’s heavy focus on Islamists, I compare the Egyptian Islamist, Iraqi Communist, and Palestinian Nationalist movements using unique insights from 73 interviews with activists and extensive participant-observation. I find that a “pendulum” effect exists whereby political exclusion favors moderates, who survive by avoiding confrontation but inevitably fail to effectively challenge regimes. Their failure shifts support to radicals, who begin confronting regimes once again. This research has significant implications for democratization processes and youth-led movements today.
Bibliographic Details
Elsevier BV
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