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Multi-Objective Optimization of a Diverter-Driven Photovoltaic Water Heater: A Residential Case Study in Morocco

SSRN, ISSN: 1556-5068
2023
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Article Description

This research study presents a comprehensive investigation into the optimization of a domestic hot water storage tank system that is integrated with a 2kWp photovoltaic (PV) grid-tied setup which includes a diverter. The aim is to maximize self-consumption rate of PVgenerated energy while ensuring that the water temperature remains above the safety thresholds of 55°C. By employing a multi-objective optimization approach, Pareto-efficient solutions were derived, revealing an optimized configuration consisting of an 80 L tank volume, 20 mm insulation thickness, and a setpoint temperature of 80°C. The optimized configuration resulted in a self-consumption rate of 87% and provided 2190 hours of hot water above 55°C. To demonstrate the superiority of the optimized system, a comparative analysis was conducted against a reference system that consisted of an 80 L tank volume, 10mm insulation thickness and 60°C setpoint temperature. The results clearly showcased the advantages of the optimized system, as it exhibited substantial reductions in auxiliary energy requirements and energy losses. Specifically, the optimized system demonstrated a significant decrease of 46% in auxiliary energy consumption, with a demand of only 296.02 kWh/year compared to the reference system's demand of 549.55 kWh/year. Additionally, the energy losses in the optimized configuration were mitigated by 20%, resulting in a value of 343.87 kWh/year, which was markedly lower than the reference system's energy losses of 424.65 kWh/year. These findings underscore the effectiveness of employing multi-objective optimization techniques in tailoring hot water storage systems that are intended to handle excess PV energy. The optimized configuration not only enhances energy efficiency but also reduces reliance on auxiliary power sources and minimizes energy losses. As result, the optimized system offers promising strides towards sustainable and efficient domestic hot water energy solutions.

Bibliographic Details

Mohcine Draou; Abderrahim Brakez

Elsevier BV

Multidisciplinary; photovoltaic; Water heater; energy conversion; self-consumption; Solar Diverter

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