Enfoque Sueco de EcocomunasAplicado a Chile: Lecciones desde la Provincia de Arauco
RTR. Revista Territorios y Regionalismos, Vol: 3, Issue: 3, Page: 1-18
2020
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Article Description
Este trabajo describe la adaptación del enfoque sueco de EcoComunas al contexto institucional chileno llevada a cabo en la provincia de Arauco en Chile, en tres lugares de destino turístico. Debido a las atribuciones y recursos limitados del municipio chileno, es necesario establecer gobernanza territorial donde colaboran actores públicos y privados. El enfoque sueco plantea una estrategia de tres etapas que involucra aprendizaje, planeamiento y acciones. En el trabajo en la Provincia de Arauco, se estableció un proceso deliberativo entre actores públicos y privados en el territorio, resaltando la importancia de considerar los distintos intereses como también sus conceptualizaciones (marcos cognitivos) sobre los efectos de sus acciones. Lo anterior, en el marco de Gobernanza territorial, permite identificar los principales problemas, para luego ser resueltos de manera participativa y colaborativa entre los distintos actores del territorio. Nuestra principal conclusión es que el enfoque de Ecocomunas en Chile, en la planificación estratégica de desarrollo sustentable local debe considerar mecanismos institucionales existentes y realizarse bajo una lógica de gobernanza territorial. This article describes the adaptation of the Swedish Eco-municipalities to the Chilean institutional context and its application in three emerging tourism destinations in the Arauco Province of Arauco. Due to the limited attributions and resources of Chilean municipalities, the Chilean Eco-municipalities need to implement strategies with public and private actors and establish territorial governance. The Swedish approach provides a three-phase implementation strategy that involves learning, planning and actions. In the Arauco Province, field work included a deliberative process that highlighted the importance of reflecting on the distinct interests as well as different cognitive frameworks with respect to development and sustainability. In this way, public and private actors collaboratively identified the principal problems and proposed shared solutions. Our principal conclusion is that the Eco-municipalities approach in strategic planning for local sustainable development in Chile should consider existing institutional mechanisms and be based in territorial governance.
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