Phallales fungi (Phallomycetidae, Basidiomycota) in Brazil: First checklist and key specific for the country

The Phallales order has common names that are used to define groups based on basidiome shapes, such as Clathroid, Phalloid, and Lysuroid. However, up to now, there is no systematic and detailed information to define these and other basidiome shapes. New systematic definitions with notes on generic morphology and new nomenclatures are proposed to standardize the concepts related to the morphology of Phallales fungi, with illustrations for the main genres. In addition to the Clathroid, Laternoid, Lysuroid, and Phalloid forms, we proposed the division of the Clathroid type into two subdivisions (Lattice Clathroid and Columnar Clathroid) and the insertion of three new types of shape: Arachnoid, Floweroid, and Truffoid. We are also proposing a checklist and an identification key for all the species of Phallales in Brazil.