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The treatment of depressive disorders in children and adolescents

Deutsches Arzteblatt International, ISSN: 1866-0452, Vol: 110, Issue: 50, Page: 854-60
2013
  • 39
    Citations
  • 0
    Usage
  • 177
    Captures
  • 0
    Mentions
  • 2
    Social Media
Metric Options:   Counts1 Year3 Year

Metrics Details

  • Citations
    39
  • Captures
    177
  • Social Media
    2
    • Shares, Likes & Comments
      2
      • Facebook
        2

Article Description

Background: Depressive disorders are among the more common mental illnesses around the world. About 3% of prepubertal children and 6% of postpubertal children and adolescents are affected. Many physicians are unsure about which treatment approaches are effective and how the treatment should be planned. Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out in electronic databases and study registries and as a manual search. More than 450 studies (mostly randomized controlled trials [RCTs]) were identified and summarized in five evidence tables. The ensuing recommendations were agreed upon in a consensus conference in which 23 organizations were represented. Results: The recommended treatment of first choice for children from age 8 onward and for adolescents is either cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (Cohen's d [effect strength]: 0.5-2) or interpersonal psychotherapy (Cohen's d: 0.5-0.6). Fluoxetine is recommended for drug treatment (Cohen's d: 0.3-5.6), either alone or in combination with CBT. The analysis revealed a lower level of evidence for psychodynamic or systemic psychotherapy or for drug treatment with escitalopram, citalopram, or sertraline. For mild or moderate depression, psychotherapy is recommended; for severe depression, combination therapy. Particularly for children, there is a lack of adequately informative comparative studies on these treatment approaches as well as on other, complementary interventions (e.g., art therapy, sleep deprivation, youth welfare services). Conclusion: There is adequate evidence to support some recommendations for the treatment of depressive disorders in adolescents, but evidence for children is lacking. There is a pressing need for intervention research in this area for both children and adolescents.

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