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Epitranscriptomic approach: To improve the efficacy of icb therapy by co‐targeting intracellular checkpoint cish

Cells, ISSN: 2073-4409, Vol: 10, Issue: 9
2021
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Article Description

Cellular immunotherapy has recently emerged as a fourth pillar in cancer treatment co-joining surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Where, the discovery of immune checkpoint blockage or inhibition (ICB/ICI), anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 and anti‐CTLA4‐based, therapy has revolution-ized the class of cancer treatment at a different level. However, some cancer patients escape this immune surveillance mechanism and become resistant to ICB‐therapy. Therefore, a more advanced or an alternative treatment is required urgently. Despite the functional importance of epitran-scriptomics in diverse clinico‐biological practices, its role in improving the efficacy of ICB therapeutics has been limited. Consequently, our study encapsulates the evidence, as a possible strategy, to improve the efficacy of ICB‐therapy by co‐targeting molecular checkpoints especially NA‐modifi-cation machineries which can be reformed into RNA modifying drugs (RMD). Here, we have ex-plained the mechanism of individual RNA‐modifiers (editor/writer, eraser/remover, and effec-tor/reader) in overcoming the issues associated with high‐dose antibody toxicities and drug‐re-sistance. Moreover, we have shed light on the importance of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS/CISH) and microRNAs in improving the efficacy of ICB‐therapy, with brief insight on the current monoclonal antibodies undergoing clinical trials or already approved against several solid tumor and metastatic cancers. We anticipate our investigation will encourage researchers and clini-cians to further strengthen the efficacy of ICB‐therapeutics by considering the importance of epi-transcriptomics as a personalized medicine.

Bibliographic Details

Kumar, Sunil; Sarthi, Parth; Mani, Indra; Ashraf, Muhammad Umer; Kang, Myeong-Ho; Kumar, Vishal; Bae, Yong-Soo

MDPI AG

Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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