Methods and Validation Techniques of Chemical Kinetics Models in Waste Thermal Conversion Processes

This article discusses the potential of using computer-simulation methods in processes such as thermal waste conversion, i.e., pyrolysis, gasification, combustion and torrefaction. These methods are gaining in importance, among others, due to the difficulties in execution and high costs associated with conducting experimental research in real conditions or the need to obtain detailed data on the phenomenon under study in a relatively short time. Computer simulation also allows for numerous errors to be avoided, such as those that may occur during optimization activities, the effects of which may have serious consequences, both economic and environmental. In addition to their many advantages, the limitations and disadvantages of using computer-simulation methods were also indicated, mainly related to the interpretation and validation of the results obtained using modelling. Owing to the complexity of the phenomena occurring during thermal conversion, special attention was focused on models based on chemical kinetics, thanks to which it is possible to predict the quantitative and qualitative composition of products in these processes. The aim of this research is to identify the research gap in the field of issues related to models of chemical kinetics of thermal waste conversion processes.