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Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia: Implications and impact in pregnancy, fetal development, and early childhood parameters

Nutrients, ISSN: 2072-6643, Vol: 12, Issue: 2
2020
  • 170
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  • 30
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Ensuring successful treatment of anemia in pregnancy

Anemia affects nearly 30% of reproductive-age women worldwide, and anemia in pregnancy has an estimated global prevalence of 37%, with iron-deficiency anemia being the most

Review Description

A normal pregnancy consumes 500–800 mg of iron from the mother. Premenopausal women have a high incidence of marginal iron stores or iron deficiency (ID), with or without anemia, particularly in the less developed world. Although pregnancy is associated with a “physiologic” anemia largely related to maternal volume expansion; it is paradoxically associated with an increase in erythrocyte production and erythrocyte mass/kg. ID is a limiting factor for this erythrocyte mass expansion and can contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes. This review summarizes erythrocyte and iron balance observed in pregnancy; its implications and impact on mother and child; and provides an overview of approaches to the recognition of ID in pregnancy and its management, including clinically relevant questions for further investigation.

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