Oudemansiella (Physalacriaceae) mushrooms: A status review on the distribution, cultivation, composition and bioactivity profile

Oudemansiella of Physalacriaceae, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, and are known as saprophytic macrofungi. Species of this genus are edible, flavorful, nutritious, and medicinal. Hence, there is increasing attention to the value of these under-utilized myko-resources. In this context, this status review aimed to provide a species checklist of Oudemansiella and their distribution worldwide, cultivation requirements for growth and production, nutritional and bioactive compositions, and biological properties. A total of 25 species of Oudemansiella was recorded in 31 countries in Asia, North and South America, Australia, Africa, and Europe. O. canarii was found to be the most widely distributed, followed by O. platensis, O. cubensis, O. melanotricha, O. submucida, and O. australis. China had the greatest number of reported Oudemansiella species. O. canarii was the most commonly cultivated species using agro-industrial wastes such as sugarcane bagasse, eucalyptus sawdust, cotton seed hull, corncob, sawdust, and rice straw. Oudemansiella species contain carbohydrates, protein, amino acids, crude fiber, crude fat, minerals, and bioactive compounds such as oudemansin A and B, dihydroxerulin, xerulinic acid, and strobilurin C. Extracts and isolated bioactive compounds from Oudemansiella were reported to exhibit antioxidant, antifungal, antimicrobial, cytotoxic properties, and anti-trypanosomatid infection. To the best of our knowledge, this review establishes the most comprehensive checklist of Oudemansiella species. The presented data can be used as valuable information for further exploration and exploitation of the maximum profitability of Oudemansiella species. This review also provides status, challenges, and research opportunities that will ignite attention among researchers and scientists worldwide.