Nasal Morphology in a Young Adult Middle-Eastern Population: A Stereophotogrammetric Analysis

Aim: This study aimed to describe gender-specific three-dimensional morphology of the soft-tissue nose in Lebanese young adults and to explore the associations between nasal morphology with age and body mass index (BMI). Materials and methods: Three-dimensional photographs were captured for 176 young healthy Lebanese adults (75 males and 101 females) aged 18.1–37.68 years. Linear and angular nasal measurements were computed and compared between genders, in addition to other established norms. Associations with age and BMI were also assessed. Results: All linear measurements were greater in males than in females, and only the nasolabial angle was significantly larger in females by 2.97 degrees on average. Most of the measurements were found to be larger than the Caucasian norms. A few significant correlations were found between the measurements and age or BMI. Conclusion: This study is the first to present the sex-specific norms for nasal morphology in the Lebanese population and highlights the presence of gender dimorphism in the majority of measurements. Additional studies are needed to validate our data and expand the associations with age and BMI. Clinical significance: The data offered in this study could help enhance the accuracy of facial reconstructive surgery and aid in personalized treatment planning for both medical and cosmetic nasal interventions.