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Relationship between health literacy and self-care for prevention of high blood pressure among firefighters in Tehran in 2019

Iran Occupational Health, ISSN: 2228-7493, Vol: 19, Issue: 1, Page: 138-150
2022
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Background and aims: The difficult tasks of firefighters' operational personnel, increase the risk of hypertension and other acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between health literacy and self-care of hypertension among firefighters in Tehran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 360 male firefighters with the age of 18-60 years who were working in the Tehran Fire Department in year 2019. The study was performed by two-stage sampling method in cluster and simple random. Data were collected through demographic form including Health literacy for Iranian adult questionnaire (HELIA) and researcher-made self-care checklist for hypertensive disease. Data were analyzed in SPSS (version 22) using descriptive methods andanalyticaltests. Results: 57.5% of people were in the age group of 30-40. The mean score of health literacy was 73.96 with a standard deviation of 3.8. The highest mean score of health literacy was related to information perception and the lowest average score was related to reading skills. Among study sample, 44.2% had “good” and 26.7% had” very good” health literacy. Also, the mean score of self-care behaviors was 19.23 with a standard deviation of 3.4. About 14.4% of employees had a mean score of good self-care. There was a direct and significant correlation between health literacy and self-care (r=0.36, p <0.001). Conclusion: Health literacy and self-care behaviors were not favorable. There was a significant positive correlation between health literacy and self-care. Therefore, it is necessary to design an appropriate intervention.

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