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Spatial and temporal distribution of ribosomes in single cells reveals aging differences between old and new daughters of Escherichia coli

eLife, ISSN: 2050-084X, Vol: 12
2024
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Studies from University of California San Diego (UCSD) Yield New Data on Escherichia coli (Spatial and temporal distribution of ribosomes in single cells reveals aging differences between old and new daughters of Escherichia coli)

2024 NOV 28 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at NewsRx Life Science Daily -- Investigators discuss new findings in Escherichia coli. According

Article Description

Lineages of rod-shaped bacteria such as Escherichia coli exhibit a temporal decline in elongation rate in a manner comparable to cellular or biological aging. The effect results from the production of asymmetrical daughters, one with a lower elongation rate, by the division of a mother cell. The slower daughter compared to the faster daughter, denoted respectively as the old and new daughters, has more aggregates of damaged proteins and fewer expressed gene products. We have examined further the degree of asymmetry by measuring the density of ribosomes between old and new daughters and between their poles. We found that ribosomes were denser in the new daughter and also in the new pole of the daughters. These ribosome patterns match the ones we previously found for expressed gene products. This outcome suggests that the asymmetry is not likely to result from properties unique to the gene expressed in our previous study, but rather from a more fundamental upstream process affecting the distribution of ribosomal abundance. Because damage aggregates and ribosomes are both more abundant at the poles of E. coli cells, we suggest that competition for space between the two could explain the reduced ribosomal density in old daughters. Using published values for aggregate sizes and the relationship between ribosomal number and elongation rates, we show that the aggregate volumes could in principle displace quantitatively the amount of ribosomes needed to reduce the elongation rate of the old daughters.

Bibliographic Details

Chao, Lin; Chan, Chun Kuen; Shi, Chao; Rang, Ulla Camilla

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd

Neuroscience; Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; Immunology and Microbiology

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