Caracterización del ambiente térmico para la actividad ganadera bovina en el Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Acta Agronómica, ISSN: 0120-2812, Vol: 65, Issue: 4, Page: 406-412
2016
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Article Description
La influencia del clima sobre el comportamiento de los animales ha sido demostrada desde hace muchos años. Variables climáticas como la temperatura (T, °C), humedad relativa (HR, %), radiación solar (Rs, W/m²) y velocidad del viento (Vv, m.s-1), por fuera de sus rangos normales, pueden desplazar a los rumiantes de su zona de confort, generandoles impactos negativos sobre su comportamiento, productividad y reproducción. Con el fin de caracterizar el ambiente térmico para la actividad ganadera en el Valle del Cauca - Colombia, se utilizaron 2 índices biometeorológicos (índices de carga calórica para ganado de leche y carne) para conocer la relación animal - ambiente. Los índices se aplicaron para los rangos climáticos más representativos del departamento (T= 20-35; HR= 60-100; Vv= 0-10), encontrándose que para las vacas lecheras en condiciones de T>23, HR>80 y 0 Vv, iniciaban a presentar signos de estrés calórico, mientras que para el ganado de carne, iniciaban con T>25, HR>60 y Vv<1,5. En conclusión, estos índices, son herramientas útiles para determinar el grado de estrés calórico que pueden presentar los animales en diferentes sistemas productivos durante ciertos momentos del día, para determinados meses del año, ayudando a planificar acciones para controlar su efecto y con ello mitigar los impactos en su comportamiento productivo y reproductivo.
Bibliographic Details
http://www.revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/acta_agronomica/article/view/49018; http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/acag.v65n4.49018; http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-28122016000400012&lng=en&tlng=en; http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0120-28122016000400012&lng=en&tlng=en; http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-28122016000400012; http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0120-28122016000400012; https://dx.doi.org/10.15446/acag.v65n4.49018; https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/acta_agronomica/article/view/49018
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
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