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Retinoid Antagonism of Estrogen-responsive Transforming Growth Factor a and pS2 Gene Expression in Breast Carcinoma Cells

Cancer Research, ISSN: 1538-7445, Vol: 52, Issue: 14, Page: 3938-3945
1992
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Article Description

Exposure of MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells to estradiol results in an increase in transforming growth factor a (TGF-α) synthesis and secretion. Since TGF-α is a potent inducer of proliferation in MCF-7 cells, the increase in TGF-α production by estradiol is thought to play an important role in the estrogen stimulation of growth of these cells. Retinoic acid inhibits the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and antagonizes the estrogen stimulation of growth. Addition of retinoic acid resulted in a greater than 70% inhibition of estradiol-induced TGF-α synthesis and secretion in MCF-7 cells. The increase in TGF-α mRNA expression by estradiol was also inhibited by exposure of the cells to retinoic acid. Pretreatment of the cells with retinoic acid for 24 or 72 h caused more than 50 and 90% inhibition, respectively, of the estradiol-enhanced expression of TGF-α mRNA. Expression of pS2 mRNA in MCF-7 cells was stimulated approximately 8-fold by estradiol. Retinoic acid treatment suppressed by greater than 80% both the basal and estradiol-induced pS2 mRNA expression. Retinoic acid modulation of the estrogen receptor gene mRNA was not responsible for the retinoic acid inhibition of the stimulation of pS2 and TGF-α gene expression by estradiol, since estrogen receptor gene expression was increased rather than decreased in the presence of retinoic acid. The nuclear retinoic acid receptors a and y mRNA were expressed in MCF-7 cells and its retinoic acid-resistant derivative RROI. Addition of estradiol to MCF-7 cells resulted in a decreased expression of retinoic acid receptor 7 mRNA; this reduction is prevented by the presence of retinoic acid. These results indicate that retinoic acid can inhibit estradiol-induced TGF-α and pS2 mRNA expression in MCF-7 cells. The suppression of TGF-α expression may represent one possible mechanism by which retinoic acid antagonizes the stimulation of MCF-7 proliferation by estradiol. © 1992, American Association for Cancer Research. All rights reserved.

Bibliographic Details

Joseph A. Fontana; Zhi Ming Shao; Clara Nervi; Anton M. Jetten

Medicine; Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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