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The Constitution of the Roman Republic: A Political Economy Perspective

SSRN Electronic Journal
2010
  • 16
    Citations
  • 15,966
    Usage
  • 59
    Captures
  • 1
    Mentions
  • 31
    Social Media
Metric Options:   Counts1 Year3 Year

Metrics Details

  • Citations
    16
    • Citation Indexes
      16
  • Usage
    15,966
    • Abstract Views
      13,641
    • Downloads
      2,325
  • Captures
    59
    • Readers
      39
    • Exports-Saves
      20
      • SSRN
        20
  • Mentions
    1
    • Blog Mentions
      1
      • Blog
        1
  • Social Media
    31
    • Shares, Likes & Comments
      31
      • Facebook
        31
  • Ratings
    • Download Rank
      12,826

Article Description

The constitution of the Roman Republic featured a system of checks and balances that would eventually influence the American founders, yet it had very different characteristics from the system of separation of powers that the founders created. The Roman senate gave advice but did not legislate; the people voted directly on bills and appointments in popular assemblies; and a group of magistrates, led by a pair of consuls, proposed bills, brought prosecutions, served as judges, led military forces, and performed other governmental functions. This paper analyzes the Roman constitution from the perspective of agency theory, and argues that the extensive checks and balances, which were intended to prevent the recurrence of monarchy, may have gone too far. Suitable for an earlier period in which the population was small and the political class was homogeneous, the constitution proved unworkable when Rome acquired a vast, diverse empire. The lessons of Roman constitutionalism for the American constitution are also discussed.

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